damage

1 of 2

noun

dam·​age ˈda-mij How to pronounce damage (audio)
1
: loss or harm resulting from injury to person, property, or reputation
flood damage
sustained severe damage to her knee
2
damages plural : compensation in money imposed by law for loss or injury
The judge awarded them $5,000 in damages.
3
: expense, cost
"What's the damage?" he asked the waiter

damage

2 of 2

verb

damaged; damaging

transitive verb

: to cause damage (see damage entry 1 sense 1) to
don't damage the furniture
returning soldiers damaged by war
damageability noun
damager noun
Choose the Right Synonym for damage

injure, harm, hurt, damage, impair, mar mean to affect injuriously.

injure implies the inflicting of anything detrimental to one's looks, comfort, health, or success.

badly injured in an accident

harm often stresses the inflicting of pain, suffering, or loss.

careful not to harm the animals

hurt implies inflicting a wound to the body or to the feelings.

hurt by their callous remarks

damage suggests injury that lowers value or impairs usefulness.

a table damaged in shipping

impair suggests a making less complete or efficient by deterioration or diminution.

years of smoking had impaired his health

mar applies to injury that spoils perfection (as of a surface) or causes disfigurement.

the text is marred by many typos

Examples of damage in a Sentence

Noun The items were carefully wrapped to protect them from damage during shipping. The city sustained heavy damage during the war. Fortunately the boat suffered no serious damage in the storm. The fall caused considerable damage to her knee. The disease is known to cause permanent brain damage. The scandal caused significant damage to her career. You've said enough. Please leave before you do any more damage. He tried to repair the damage by apologizing. He apologized, but the damage was already done. Verb Please return any items that are damaged during shipping. Many homes were damaged or completely destroyed in the fire. The fall severely damaged her knee. Smoking can seriously damage your lungs. The scandal significantly damaged her career. This news will damage his reputation. He was worried that his comments had damaged their relationship. He's trying to repair his damaged reputation.
Recent Examples on the Web
Noun
Justice of sorts was accomplished, with Jones ordered to pay nearly $1.5 billion in damages. Frank Scheck, The Hollywood Reporter, 11 Mar. 2024 Temperatures under 60 degrees Fahrenheit will slow the plant's growth, but damage doesn't occur until temps drop below freezing. Grace Haynes, Southern Living, 11 Mar. 2024 Passengers are supposed to report any damage to the exterior or interior of the vehicle during their ride and could be held responsible for that damage if it’s discovered at a later time, according to the terms of service. Nathan Solis, Los Angeles Times, 8 Mar. 2024 Moisturizer then seals in hydration, and sunscreen provides essential protection against UV damage. Sarah Y. Wu, Glamour, 8 Mar. 2024 While most people’s symptoms improve, 1 in 5 unvaccinated children will be hospitalized, 1 out of every 1,000 will develop brain swelling that can lead to brain damage, and up to 3 of every 1,000 will die. Discover Magazine, 8 Mar. 2024 Lead can cause long-term problems in adults, including greater risk of high blood pressure, heart disease and kidney damage. Jonel Aleccia, Quartz, 8 Mar. 2024 When the couple, who have a colorful collection of midcentury furnishings, purchased the 1,755-square-foot home, inspections revealed that more than 90% of the house had termite or water damage. Mark David, Robb Report, 8 Mar. 2024 Stress during traumatic events can strengthen memory, but chronic stress can cause damage to areas of the brain that control memory. Suzanne Nuyen, NPR, 28 Feb. 2024
Verb
The grand piano was recovered after being heavily damaged during a mudslide in the Beverly Crest neighborhood. Anthony De Leon, Los Angeles Times, 12 Mar. 2024 The museum's latest board report includes details on maintenance issues, such as foundation damage, icing on interior windows, and a corroded floor drain which led to leaking that damaged a painting stored in basement collection space. Tom Daykin, Journal Sentinel, 12 Mar. 2024 That will have damaged the trust between the palace and media organizations – many of which, like CNN, will likely be assessing all royal handouts. Lauren Said-Moorhouse, CNN, 11 Mar. 2024 Water dilutes urine, reducing its potential to damage your lawn. Kat De Naoum, Better Homes & Gardens, 11 Mar. 2024 Almost no aid has reached northern Gaza for weeks, after major U.N. agencies mostly suspended their operations, citing mass looting of their cargoes by desperate Gazans, Israeli restrictions on convoys and the poor condition of roads damaged during the war. Aaron Boxerman, New York Times, 9 Mar. 2024 The telephone pole is visibly damaged but Duke Energy is expected to respond later Friday to fix it. Jennifer Edwards Baker, The Enquirer, 8 Mar. 2024 In particular, the company warns that small particles of wet rice may end up in your iPhone, damaging the phone's logic board. Kurt Knutsson, Cyberguy Report, Fox News, 29 Feb. 2024 One wrong move and the print might be damaged irreparably, another great film lost to history. Joshua Hunt, New York Times, 29 Feb. 2024

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'damage.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

Etymology

Noun and Verb

Middle English, from Anglo-French, from dan damage, from Latin damnum — see damn entry 1

First Known Use

Noun

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Verb

14th century, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of damage was in the 14th century

Dictionary Entries Near damage

Cite this Entry

“Damage.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/damage. Accessed 19 Mar. 2024.

Kids Definition

damage

1 of 2 noun
dam·​age ˈdam-ij How to pronounce damage (audio)
1
: a loss or harm caused by injury to one's person or property
2
plural : payment in money ordered by a court for loss or injury
collected damages for his broken arm in the accident claim

damage

2 of 2 verb
damaged; damaging
: to cause damage to

Legal Definition

damage

1 of 2 noun
dam·​age
1
: loss or harm resulting from injury to person, property, or reputation
2
plural : the money awarded to a party in a civil suit as reparation for the loss or injury for which another is liable see also additur, cover, mitigate, remittitur compare declaratory judgment at judgment sense 1a, injunction, specific performance at performance

Note: The trier of fact determines the amount of damages to be awarded to the prevailing party. More than one type of damages may be awarded for a single injury.

actual damages
: damages deemed to compensate the injured party for losses sustained as a direct result of the injury suffered

called also compensatory damages

consequential damages
: special damages in this entry
direct damages
: damages for a loss that is an immediate, natural, and foreseeable result of the wrongful act compare special damages in this entry
exemplary damages \ ig-​ˈzem-​plə-​rē-​ \
: punitive damages in this entry
expectation damages
: damages recoverable for breach of contract and designed to put the injured party in the position he or she would have been in had the contract been completed

called also expectancy damages

general damages
: damages for a loss that is the natural, foreseeable, and logical result of a wrongful act compare special damages in this entry
: damages for losses (as pain and suffering, inconvenience, or loss of lifestyle) whose monetary values are difficult to assign
hedonic damages \ hi-​ˈdä-​nik-​ \
: damages deemed to compensate for the loss of enjoyment of life resulting from a wrongful act

Note: Hedonic damages are not recognized in all jurisdictions.

incidental damages
: damages recoverable under section 2-715 of the Uniform Commercial Code in breach of contract cases for losses that include expenses incurred in handling and caring for goods which were the subject of the contract, reasonable expenses incurred in obtaining cover, and any other reasonable expenses resulting from the breach that do not fall into any other category
liquidated damages
: damages whose amount is agreed upon by the parties to a contract as adequately compensating for loss in the event of a breach

called also stipulated damages

Note: Liquidated damages in an amount exceeding that needed to reasonably compensate the injured party constitute a penalty and are therefore void.

moratory damages
in the civil law of Louisiana : damages recoverable for loss resulting from an obligor's delay in performing

Note: Compensatory damages are recoverable in a case of failure to perform.

nominal damages
: damages awarded in a small amount (as one dollar) in cases in which a party has been injured but no loss resulted from the injury or in which the injured party failed to prove that loss resulted from the injury
presumed damages
: damages that are presumed under the law to result naturally and necessarily from a tortious act and that therefore do not require proof
punitive damages
: damages awarded in cases of serious or malicious wrongdoing to punish or deter the wrongdoer or deter others from behaving similarly

called also exemplary damages, smart money

special damages
: damages awarded in an amount deemed to compensate for losses that arise not as a natural result of the injury but because of some particular circumstance of the injured party
specifically : damages relating to a business, profession, or property that are easily calculable in monetary terms

called also consequential damages

compare direct damages in this entry general damages in this entry

Note: Because special damages do not arise in every case, they must be specifically requested in the pleadings. This is an issue of particular importance in cases of harm to reputation, such as slander, libel, and malicious prosecution.

stipulated damages
in the civil law of Louisiana : liquidated damages in this entry
treble damages \ ˈtre-​bəl-​ \
: damages awarded in an amount that is three times the amount for which the trier of fact finds the wrongdoer liable

Note: Treble damages are recoverable where authorized by statute and are usually imposed as a punishment.

3
plural : losses for which damages are recoverable
did not incur damages, because he was unlikely to win the foreclosure caseRosalind Resnick

damage

2 of 2 adjective
: of or relating to damages
a damage action
a damage remedy
Etymology

Noun

Old French, from dam injury, harm, from Latin damnum financial loss, fine

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